SPSC CCE-2023 Examination held on Held on 10 August, 2024

Correct Answer: D. All of these

In terms of geography, seas are smaller than oceans and are usually located where the land and ocean meet. Typically, seas are partially enclosed by land. Seas are found on the margins of the ocean and are partially enclosed by land

Correct Answer: C. Shanghai Cooperation Organization

The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) was established in Shanghai in 2001. In terms of geographic scope and population, the SCO is the world’s largest regional organization

Correct Answer: B. 40

To find the new mean after increasing each number by 5, you can follow these steps:
1. Original mean: 35
2. Number of values: 75
When each number is increased by 5, the new mean will be:
New Mean=Original Mean+5
New Mean=35+5=40
So the correct answer is B. 40.

Correct Answer: B. Huron

Sifto Salt Mines are situated under Lake Huron. They are the world’s largest underground salt mines. They are located in Goderich, Ontario, Canada. It’s started operations in 1959.

Correct Answer: A. Sir Cyril Radliffe

The Radcliffe Commission, which was responsible for drawing the boundary lines between India and Pakistan in 1947, was headed by A. Sir Cyril Radcliffe.

Correct Answer: A. 23

To determine how many terms are in the series 8, 12, 16, 20, …, 96, let’s first identify the type of series and its pattern.
The series is an arithmetic sequence where each term increases by a constant difference. Here, the difference between consecutive terms is:
12−8=4
So, the common difference d is 4. The first term a is 8, and the last term l is 96.
The n-th term of an arithmetic sequence can be found using the formula:
an=a +(n−1)d
Substitute a = 8, d = 4, and an = 96 into the formula: 96 = 8 + (n−1) ⋅4
Solve for n:
96−8= (n−1)⋅4
88=(n−1)⋅4
n−1=88/4
n−1=22
n=23
So, there are 23 terms in the series. The correct answer is A. 23.

Correct Answer: D. Punjab Regiment

The D. Punjab Regiment holds the maximum number of Nishan-e-Haider, which is Pakistan’s highest military award for bravery. This regiment has been awarded the Nishan-e-Haider multiple times for acts of extraordinary valor

Correct Answer: A. Benin

Porto-Novo is the capital of A. Benin. It is one of the two capitals of Benin, with the other being Cotonou, which is the largest city and the economic center.

Correct Answer: A. 1965

And it involves decisions with regard to the distribution of the improved conditions over the population, both by regions and by social groups or occupations. Pakistan’s Perspective Plan is being formulated to cover a period of 20 years, from 1965 to 1985.

Correct Answer: D. Liver

Meningitis is an infection of the brain, while cirrhosis is a disease of the liver. Therefore, the correct analogy is: D. Liver

Correct Answer: B. They are all vegetables

Tomatoes, beans, cucumbers, and corn are all types of plants, but they have different classifications. Specifically:
• Tomato: Fruit (botanically, it’s a fruit but often used as a vegetable in culinary contexts).
• Beans: Legumes (often considered vegetables in culinary contexts).
• Cucumbers: Fruit (botanically, it’s a fruit but used as a vegetable).
• Corn: Grain (the part we consume is the kernel, but botanically, it’s a type of grain).
Given that all of them are commonly used as vegetables in cooking, the most suitable option is: B. They are all vegetables

Correct Answer: C. These are the names of religious books

The correct answer is C. These are the names of religious books.
Here’s a brief explanation:
• Tripitakas: Sacred texts of Theravada Buddhism.
• Talmud: Central text of Rabbinic Judaism.
• Agamas: Ancient Indian texts associated with various Hindu and Jain traditions.
• Kojiki: Ancient Japanese chronicle and religious text. All of these are significant religious texts in their respective traditions.

Correct Answer: B. HLOX

To solve this analogy, let’s first analyze the relationship between the letters in the pairs:
BDGK: PTYF
Let’s look at the shift in the alphabet for each pair:
• B to P: B (2nd letter) to P (16th letter) is a shift of +14 positions.
• D to T: D (4th letter) to T (20th letter) is a shift of +16 positions.
• G to Y: G (7th letter) to Y (25th letter) is a shift of +18 positions.
• K to F: K (11th letter) to F (6th letter) is a shift of -5 positions.
So the shifts are: +14, +16, +18, -5.
Let’s apply the same pattern to the second pair:
TVYC
• T (20th letter) shifted by +14 positions: 20 + 14 = 34. Wrap around the alphabet (since 34 – 26 = 8): 8th letter is H.
• V (22nd letter) shifted by +16 positions: 22 + 16 = 38. Wrap around the alphabet (38 – 26 = 12): 12th letter is L.
• Y (25th letter) shifted by +18 positions: 25 + 18 = 43. Wrap around the alphabet (43 – 26 = 17): 17th letter is Q.
• C (3rd letter) shifted by -5 positions: 3 – 5 = -2. Wrap around the alphabet (26 – 2 = 24): 24th letter is X.
So, TVYC transformed by applying the shifts results in HLQX.
However, since the answer choices given are:
A. HLOW
B. HLOX
C. HLOY
D. FKLM
The closest match to our result (considering a possible typo or adjustment in pattern) is B. HLOX

Correct Answer: E. None of these

The relationship between Alzheimer’s disease and dementia is that Alzheimer’s disease is a type of dementia. Similarly, food poisoning is a condition that can cause various symptoms.
The most suitable option for the analogy:
Food poisoning: Symptoms
Among the given options:
• Headache: Not a primary symptom of food poisoning.
• Bloating: Can be a symptom but is not the primary one.
• Bleeding: Not typically associated with food poisoning.
• Running nose: Not related to food poisoning.
Food poisoning typically causes symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach cramps. Since none of the options directly reflect this, the closest answer would be E. None of the above.

Correct Answer: A. Joints

A cardiologist specializes in the heart, so a chiropractor, who specializes in the musculoskeletal system, particularly the spine, would be most associated with:
A. Joints
Chiropractors focus on the diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal issues, which include joints, as well as the spine and related structures.

Correct Answer: A. 1991, 15

The Soviet Union officially broke up in 1991, leading to the emergence of 15 sovereign states. So the correct answer is A. 1991, 15.

Correct Answer: D. Venus

enus is the planet that rotates in the opposite direction, or anticlockwise, around the Sun compared to most other planets. It’s like the oddball in our solar system. While most planets go counterclockwise, Venus does its own thing and spins in the opposite direction

Correct Answer: B. Twenty First

According to the Constitution of Pakistan, the National Assembly shall meet on the B. Twenty First day following the day on which a general election to the Assembly is held, unless sooner summoned by the President.

Correct Answer: A. 11

Correct Answer: B. North Vietnam and South Vietnam

The 17th Parallel divides B. North Vietnam and South Vietnam. It was the line of latitude used as the boundary between the two countries during the Vietnam War, prior to the reunification of Vietnam.

Correct Answer: C. Ratio of stress to strain is more

Steel is more elastic than rubber because:
C. Ratio of stress to strain is more
Elasticity is characterized by the ratio of stress to strain, known as the Young’s modulus. Steel, being a material with a high Young’s modulus, has a higher ratio of stress to strain compared to rubber, which means it is more elastic. Rubber has a lower Young’s modulus and thus is less elastic.

Correct Answer: D. Calcium Carbonate

Calcium carbonate is a chemical compound with the chemical formula CaCO₃. It is a common substance found in rocks as the minerals calcite and aragonite, most notably in chalk and limestone, eggshells, gastropod shells, shellfish skeletons and pearls

Correct Answer: A. Tuberculosis

Robert Koch is famous for his work on A. Tuberculosis. He was a pioneering microbiologist who identified the bacteria responsible for tuberculosis and made significant contributions to the field of infectious diseases.

Correct Answer: B. 350 NM

The limit of Pakistan’s continental shelf, as per international regulations, is B. 350 NM (nautical miles) from the baseline. This limit is established under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS).

Correct Answer: B. Living around the river

Egypt, Mesopotamia, and the Harappan civilizations all have in common that they were:
B. Living around the river
Each of these ancient civilizations developed along major river systems:
• Egypt: Along the Nile River
• Mesopotamia: Between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
• Harappan: Along the Indus River
The fertile river valleys provided essential resources for agriculture, which supported their complex societies.

Correct Answer: B. 8 to 20

The Islamic Council shall consist of such members, being not less than eight and not more than twenty, as the President may appoint from amongst persons having knowledge of the principles and philosophy of Islam as enunciated in the Holy Quran and Sunnah,

Correct Answer: A. Malay and Sumatra, Andaman Sea and South China Sea

The Strait of Malacca separates Malay Peninsula (Malaysia) and Sumatra (Indonesia) and connects the Andaman Sea and the South China Sea.
So the correct answer is:
A. Malay and Sumatra, Andaman Sea and South China Sea.

Correct Answer: C. General Hussain Muhammad Ershad

The first Chairman of SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation) was C. General Hussain Muhammad Ershad, who was the President of Bangladesh at the time SAARC was established.

Correct Answer: C. Third Tuesday in September Every year

The General Assembly shall meet every year in regular session commencing on the Tuesday of the third week in September, counting from the first week that contains at least one working day

Correct Answer: B. Reach South Pole

Caroline Mikkelsen was the first woman to reach the South Pole.
She accomplished this milestone in 1935 as part of an expedition to Antarctica.

Correct Answer: B. Quito

Quito is the capital of Ecuador

Correct Answer: D. Microsoft

Microsoft briefly crossed the $3 trillion market valuation milestone on 25 January 2024, retaining its place as the world’s second most valuable company.

Correct Answer: A. Darius III

The Battle of Issus, in which Alexander the Great secured a decisive victory over Darius III of Persia

Correct Answer: B. Pyrometer

Pyrometer, the device for measuring relatively high temperatures, such as are encountered in furnaces. Most pyrometers work by measuring radiation from the body whose temperature is to be measured.

Correct Answer: C. Sea Water

Correct Answer: D. A. Fleming, Scottish

The antibiotic substance penicillin was discovered by B. Fleming, England, specifically Sir Alexander Fleming, who was a Scottish scientist.

Correct Answer: D. O3

Ozone is defined as a type of gas that’s made from molecules consisting of three oxygen atoms. The chemical formula of ozone is O3.

Correct Answer: D. Blue

violet has an even shorter wavelength than blue. Violet light ranges from about 380 to 450 nanometers. If violet were an option, it would indeed be the correct answer for the shortest wavelength.

Correct Answer: A. Bone Marrow

Blood cells are made in the bone marrow. The bone marrow is the soft, spongy material in the center of the bones. It makes about 95% of the body’s blood cells. Most of the adult body’s bone marrow is in the pelvic bones, breastbone, and the bones of the spine.

Correct Answer: D. 1399

The Hudud Ordinances are laws in Pakistan enacted in 1979 (1399 Hijri) as part of the Islamization of Pakistan by Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, the sixth president of Pakistan.

Correct Answer: A. Din Muhammad and Muhammad Munir

The Bengal Boundary Commission consisted of justices C. C. Biswas, B. K. Mukherji, Abu Saleh Mohamed Akram and S.A.Rahman. The members of the Punjab Commission were justices Mehr Chand Mahajan, Teja Singh, Din Mohamed and Muhammad Munir.

Correct Answer: C. Qambar Shahdadkot

Hamal Lake (Urdu: حمل جھیل ) is situated in Qambar Shahdadkot District in Sindh, Pakistan, 58 km from Larkana city and 40 km from Qambar town.

Correct Answer: B. -8

o find the sum of the arithmetic sequence −8,−5,−2,7-8, -5, -2, 7−8,−5,−2,7, we first identify the number of terms and then use the sum formula for an arithmetic series.
The sequence has 4 terms: −8,−5,−2,7
To find the sum:
Sum=−8+(−5) +(−2)+7
=−8−5−2+7
=−15+7
=−8
So, the correct answer is B. -8.

Correct Answer: A. Havana, 3rd September 1979

Pakistan attended its first summit conference of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) as a full-fledged member in Havana on September 3, 1979.
This summit marked Pakistan’s formal participation in NAM’s activities after joining the movement as a member state.

Correct Answer: A. 1956

The Objective Resolution served as a preamble to the Constitution of Pakistan, which was enacted in 1956. It remains part of the Constitution, even though it has been amended several times since its original passage.

Correct Answer: B. Muhammad Ali Bogra

The Pakistani Prime Minister who successfully broke the constitutional deadlock and resolved the issue of representation between East and West Pakistan in the 1950s was (B) Muhammad Ali Bogra. Muhammad Ali Bogra, who served as Prime Minister from 1953 to 1955, played a key role in resolving this issue. He introduced the Bogra Formula, which proposed a compromise to address the concerns of both East and West Pakistan. The formula suggested a federal structure where the two regions would have equal representation in the national legislature, with additional provisions for regional representation. This helped to alleviate tensions and paved the way for a more balanced constitutional arrangement.

Correct Answer: B. Morarji Desai

Morarji Desai:He was the 4th PM (1977-1979) of India. He was the second deputy prime minister of India. He was the first non-congress Indian Prime Minister. He is the only Indian who received the highest civilian awards from both India and Pakistan, the Bharat Ratna and Nishaan-e-Pakistan.

Correct Answer: B. Captain Raja Muhammad Sarwar

The first recipient of the Nishan-e-Haider was (B) Captain Raja Muhammad Sarwar. He was awarded Pakistan’s highest military honor for his bravery during the Kashmir conflict in 1948.

Correct Answer: C. Constantinople

The place known as the “Red Apple” is (C) Constantinople. This nickname referred to Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul) due to its strategic importance and its allure as a coveted prize in various historical contexts.

Correct Answer: A. Insensitive

Insensitive is the most accurate meaning for “obtuse” in common usage. It can describe someone who is slow to understand or perceive things, which aligns with the sense of being “insensitive” or lacking in insight.

Correct Answer: A. Incompetent

Feckless” most nearly means (A) Incompetent. The term “feckless” describes someone who is ineffective or lacking in initiative, which aligns with the concept of being incompetent.

Correct Answer: D. Din

Din is the most accurate meaning for “cacophony.” Cacophony refers to a harsh, discordant mixture of sounds, similar to a din.

Correct Answer: A. Accept

The antonym of “demur” (which means to raise objections or show reluctance) is (A) Accept. While “demur” indicates hesitation or objection, “accept” implies agreement or willingness.

Correct Answer: C. Abandon

Abandon is the most accurate meaning for “eschew.” To eschew something means to deliberately avoid or abstain from it.

Correct Answer: D. All of these

(A) At least have one independent clause and at least one dependent clause in the sentence: This is true for a complex sentence. A complex sentence must have at least one independent clause and one dependent clause.
• (B) There shall be no comma if the sentence begins with an independent clause: This is generally true. If an independent clause comes first in a complex sentence, a comma is not always necessary.
• (C) There shall be a comma in the sentence when it begins with a dependent clause: This is also correct. When a complex sentence begins with a dependent clause, a comma is typically used after the dependent clause before the independent clause.
So, (D) All of the above is indeed accurate for complex sentences.

Correct Answer: C. Compound Complex Sentence

The sentence “She completed her literature review, but she still needs to work on her methods section even though she finished her methods course last semester.” is a (C) Compound-Complex Sentence.
It contains:
• Two independent clauses: “She completed her literature review” and “she still needs to work on her methods section.”
• One dependent clause: “even though she finished her methods course last semester.”

Correct Answer: A. Homophones

The examples Bear vs. Bare, Here vs. Hear, and Flower vs. Flour are all examples of (A) Homophones. Homophones are words that sound the same but have different meanings and often different spellings.

Correct Answer: B. Nauseous

Correct Answer: A. Autochthonous

Correct Answer: B. Thorough and Ruthless

The idiomatic phrase “to take no prisoners” means (B) Thorough and ruthless. It implies being uncompromising and relentless in pursuing one’s goals or objectives.

Correct Answer: B. “Asad and Farah were on the bus for over 45 minutes.”

The correct sentence is:
(B) “Asad and Farah were on the bus for over 45 minutes.”
The other sentences have errors:
• (A) “canoel” should be “canoe.”
• (C) “carriage” could be confusing; “carriage” is typically used for horse-drawn vehicles, so “in a carriage” might not be the best choice for something in Central Park. If you meant something like “a carriage ride,” that would be clearer.
• (D) “in a cruise ship” should be “on a cruise ship.”

Correct Answer: D. None of these

All the words listed are spelled correctly: So, the correct answer is:
D.None of the above

Correct Answer: A. The carpenter is building the desk

The active voice sentence is:
(A) The carpenter is building the desk.
In this sentence, the subject (the carpenter) performs the action of building the desk.
The other sentences are in the passive voice:
• (B) “The boy was being beaten by his teacher” (the action is performed on the boy by the teacher).
• (C) “Bucky is helped by Steve” (the action is performed on Bucky by Steve).

Correct Answer: D. Claque

The correct word for a group of followers hired to applaud at a performance is:
D. Claque

Correct Answer: C. Uxorious

The correct word for a person who shows a great or excessive fondness for one’s wife is: (C) Uxorious

Correct Answer: E. None of these

The correct sentence is:
(E) None of the above
Here’s why:
• (A) The sentence is missing a comma after “games” and should be clearer, like “Sick of all the games, their relationship finally came to an end.”
• (B) “happler” should be “happier.”
• (C) “real good” should be “really good.”
• (D) “quickdy” should be “quickly,” and “Inside” should be “inside.”
So none of the provided sentences are completely correct.

Correct Answer: C. One shouldn’t judge someone or something based only on what one sees on the outside

The meaning of the proverb “Don’t judge a book by its cover” is:
(C) One shouldn’t judge someone or something based only on what one sees on the outside

Correct Answer: B. Harbinger of Serious Problem

The meaning of the underlined idiomatic phrase “the canary in the coal mine” is:
(B) Harbinger of serious problem
The phrase refers to something that serves as an early warning or indicator of a potential problem.

Correct Answer: D. Anywhere

In the sentence “Is there a place anywhere I can find a delicious plate of salad?” the adverb is:
(D) Anywhere
It modifies the verb “find” by indicating the location.

Correct Answer: B. Solstice

The Sun’s greatest angular distance from the celestial equator is 23.5 degrees because the ecliptic is inclined 23.5 degrees with regard to the celestial equator. This occurs at the solstices

Correct Answer: A. Alfred Wegener

Alfred Wegener, a German meteorologist and geophysicist, proposed the Continental Drift Theory in the early 20th century. He suggested that the continents were once joined together in a supercontinent called Pangaea and have since drifted apart to their current positions. Wegener’s theory was based on evidence from fossil distribution, geological formations, and the fit of continental coastlines. Although initially controversial, it laid the groundwork for the development of plate tectonics, which explains the movement of Earth’s lithospheric plates.

Correct Answer: C. 111.7 km

One degree of latitude at the poles is approximately:
(C) 111.7 Km
This is because the Earth’s circumference is about 40,000 km, and there are 360 degrees of latitude, so 40,000 km divided by 360 degrees gives approximately 111.1 km per degree of latitude. This distance remains fairly consistent across latitudes, including at the poles.

Correct Answer: B. Zimbabwe

“Rhodesia” then remained the name of the country until the creation of Zimbabwe Rhodesia in 1979. Legally, from the British perspective, the name Southern Rhodesia continued to be used until 18 April 1980, when the Republic of Zimbabwe was promulgated.

Correct Answer: D. Gibraltar, Montenegro, Greece, Syria and Libya

The correct set of countries and territories bordering the Mediterranean Sea is:
(D) Gibraltar, Montenegro, Greece, Syria, and Libya
To clarify:
• Gibraltar is a British Overseas Territory located at the entrance of the Mediterranean Sea.
• Montenegro, Greece, Syria, and Libya are all countries that have coastlines along the Mediterranean Sea.

Correct Answer: A. Sachal Sarmast

Shrine of Sachal Sarmast is located at 40 km southwest of Khairpur, Sindh. Sachal was born in Daraza, near Ranipur, Sindh. He spread the message of love for humanity through poetry, during the Talpur era of Sindh. He is regarded as “Shair-e-Haft Zaban“ (poet of seven languages).

Correct Answer: B. Sultan Mehmed II

Mehmed the Conqueror captured Constantinople and extended the Ottoman Empire into western Anatolia and the Balkans, which later became the heartland of the empire. His expansion cost the empire greatly, however, which led to discontent.

Correct Answer: B. 36.25

To solve the expression, we need to follow the order of operations (PEMDAS):
1. Multiply 5 and 8: 5*8 = 40
2. Subtract 7: 40 – 7 = 33
3. Add 1: 33 + 1 = 34
4. Subtract 1¾: 34 – 1.75 = 32.25
5. Add 4: 32.25 + 4 = 36.25

Correct Answer: C. United Nations Security Council

On 24th May 2024, Israel was ordered to halt its military operation in Palestine by the:
(C) United Nations Security Council
The UN Security Council is responsible for maintaining international peace and security and has the authority to issue such orders.

Correct Answer: A. 1954

Close ties between the countries were further consolidated by a mutual defense treaty signed in May 1954, after which hundreds of Pakistani military officers began to regularly train in the United States

Correct Answer: B. 9

Correct Answer: C. 27

After the United Kingdom exited the European Union, the number of EU member states is 27. So, the correct answer is:
(C) 27

Correct Answer: D. United Kingdom

The country that is not a member of the Quad (Quadrilateral Security Dialogue) is:
(D) United Kingdom
The Quad consists of the United States, Japan, India, and Australia.

Correct Answer: C. Uzbekistan

The Central Asian Republic that touches the borders of all the other Central Asian Republics is:
(C) Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan is bordered by Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan.

Correct Answer: B. Kauromal Chandanmal Khilanani

Kauromal Chandanmal Khilnani, a prominent Sindhi writer and scholar, is recognized for his contributions to Sindhi literature, particularly in the genre of literary essays. His work played a significant role in the development of modern Sindhi prose. Khilnani’s essays often explored a range of topics including culture, society, and politics, helping to shape the literary landscape of the Sindhi language. His contributions laid the groundwork for future literary exploration and analysis in Sindhi literature.

Correct Answer: A. 20 January 1956, 23 February 1956, 12 March 1956

The draft was introduced in the Assembly on January 20, 1956, passed by the Assembly on February 23, 1956, and received assent from the Governor General on March 12, 1956.

Correct Answer: B. 8th

The Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (1973), in its amended form, is:
(B) 8th
It is considered the 8th longest constitution in the world due to its extensive provisions and numerous amendments.

Correct Answer: B. 8th Amendment

Under the 8th Amendment of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (1973), the President was allowed to unilaterally dissolve the National Assembly and elected governments. This amendment, enacted in 1985, granted significant powers to the President, including the ability to dissolve the National Assembly, which was a major shift from the parliamentary system established by the original constitution.

Correct Answer: B. 14th Amendment

Through the 14th Amendment in the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (1973), floor crossing was forbidden and considered a breach of parliamentary rules. This amendment, enacted in 1997, aimed to discourage defections by disqualifying legislators who switched parties.

Correct Answer: C. 21st Amendment

The military courts were established for the speedy trial of terrorist offenses, waging war against Pakistan, and acts threatening the security of Pakistan through the 21st Amendment to the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (1973).
So, the correct answer is (C) 21st Amendment.

Correct Answer: D. 75.5

To find the average of the first 150 natural numbers, you can use the formula for the average of an arithmetic series. The average of the first nnn natural numbers is given by:
Average = Sum of first n natural numbers/n
The sum of the first n natural numbers is:
Sum= n (n+1)/2
For n = 150:
Sum= 150X151/2 = 11,325
So, the average is:
Average=11325/150 = 75.5

Correct Answer: D. 20%

The rate of discount can be calculated as follows:
1. Determine the discount amount:
Discount Amount=Original Price−Selling Price
Discount Amount=9000−7200=1800
Calculate the rate of discount:
Rate of Discount = Discount Amount/Original Price ×100
Rate of Discount = 1800/1900 x 100 = 20%
So, the correct answer is (D) 20%.

Correct Answer: B. Rabat, 22-25 September 1969, 24

The First Islamic Summit Conference was held in Rabat, Morocco, from September 22-25, 1969, and 24 countries participated. So, the correct answer is (B) Rabat, 22-25 September 1969, 24.

Correct Answer: C. 1992, 3, 10

The membership of the Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) increased from 7 to 10 in 1992. The original seven members were Iran, Pakistan, Turkey, Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Turkmenistan, and the organization expanded to include Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan.

Correct Answer: D. Uzbekistan and Liechtenstein

Ocean access for double landlocked countries is even more difficult. There are only two double landlocked countries in the world: Liechtenstein and Uzbekistan. A singly landlocked country, on the other hand, shares a border with only one other nation (because it is surrounded on all sides by only one other country).

Correct Answer: B. Hagfish

Hagfish are marine creatures that possess four hearts. These hearts pump blood through a series of vessels and play a role in maintaining blood pressure and circulation.

Correct Answer: C. Regolith

The lunar surface has a layer of fine particles, referred to as regolith, which has formed over billions of years, primarily due to continued impact by meteoroids and larger rocks. This regular action against the surface of the Moon has homogenized, pulverized, and compacted the local lunar rocks.

Correct Answer: B. Lycopene

The characteristic red pigmentation of watermelon and tomato fruits is determined by accumulation of the carotenoid pigment lycopene and this phenotype is polyphyletic.

Correct Answer: C. Corona

The Corona layer is the outermost layer of the Sun’s atmosphere, and it lies above the Chromosphere. During a total Solar Eclipse, it can be seen as a white glowing Corona. Up to 2 million degrees Celsius, the temperature on the Corona spreads, and the reason for it is still unknown.

Correct Answer: B. Progress

The crescent and star stand for progress and enlightenment respectively. The flag was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan on 11 August, 1947. It was designed by Mr. Amiruddin Kidwai.

Correct Answer: C. J.N Mandal

The Constituent Assembly of Pakistan met in the Assembly Chamber at Karachi, at Ten of the Clock, the temporary Chairman (The Honourable Mr. Jogendra Nath Mandai) in the Chair. Mr.